This report examines state-imposed forced labour risks across China’s solar panel supply chain, from quartz, silicon and polysilicon production to wafer, cell and module manufacturing. Drawing on publicly available Chinese-language government documents, company communications and local media, it analyses how labour transfers, poverty-alleviation programmes, resettlement schemes, land transfers and vocational-training pipelines can channel registered poor households and ethnic-minority communities into state-imposed forced labour.
The report assesses major solar panel manufacturers, tracing both direct and indirect links to these state-imposed forced labour risks across China. It shows how surveillance, labour transfer quotas, ideological pressure and threats to welfare or livelihoods shape the current state-imposed forced labour regime.
The findings confirm the need for rigorous, sector-wide human rights due diligence throughout the global solar panel supply chain.
See also our report on exploitative working conditions in the solar panel manufacturing sector.
Go to the report “Labour Rights Violations in the Solar Panel Sector in China”